Resumen

Iodine nutrition, function, and volume of the thyroid gland in healthy pregnant women

VOLUMEN 6 - NÚMERO 1 / Enero-Marzo (Artículos originales / Original articles)

Lisette Leal-Curí, Department of Teaching and Research, National Institute of Endocrinology
Drissa B. Konaré, Department of Teaching and Research, National Institute of Endocrinology
Daysi A. Navarro-Despaigne, Department of Teaching and Research, National Institute of Endocrinology
Blanca G. Terry-Berro, Department of Nutrition, Institute of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Microbiology
Emma Domínguez-Alonso, Department of Teaching and Research, National Institute of Endocrinology
Silvia E. Turcios-Tristá, Department of Teaching and Research, National Institute of Endocrinology
María E. Jequín-Savariego, Department of Radiology, Hospital "Manuel Fajardo", La Habana, Cuba
Erick Robles-Torres, Department of Teaching and Research, National Institute of Endocrinology
Lilian Hernández-Solarte, Department of Radiology, Hospital "Manuel Fajardo", La Habana, Cuba

Introduction: Iodine deficiency during pregnancy damages maternal-fetal health. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate urinary iodine concentrations (UICs) in healthy pregnant women from the Plaza Municipality at different stages of pregnancy, trying to correlate such levels with thyroid function parameters as well as with thyroid volume. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 101 pregnant women from Plaza Municipality, in La Habana, Cuba, from September 2015 to August 2016. The variables analyzed were maternal and gestational age, trimester, skin color, number of children, smoking habit, UIC, thyrotropin, total and free thyroid hormones, thyroglobulin, and thyroid volume. The UIC was compared with the rest of the mentioned variables. Results: The UIC median in the total cohort was 153.5 μg / L (interquartile range 85.58- 221.42) and 43.6% had values lower than 150 μg / L. In women with more advanced pregnancies, UIC was lower (first trimester 182.8 μg / L, second 160.2 μg / L, and third 143 μg / L). 91% of women with insufficient intake had a UIC between 50 and 149.9 μg / L. There were no statistically significant differences with clinical variables. Positive correlation of UIC with free T4 and T3 was demonstrated. Thyroid function parameters did not show statistically significant differences according to iodine. The mean thyroid volume was 6.17 ± 1.7 mL and did not correlate with UIC. Conclusions: Iodine intake was adequate in the total cohort although bordering the lower limit and was insufficient in the third trimester. UIC was not related to clinical variables, thyroid function, or thyroid volume.

Palabras clave: Pregnancy. Urinary iodine. Thyroid function. Thyroid volume.