Resumen

Prevalence of malnutrition at admission in hospitalized adults at INCMNSZ in Mexico City

Prevalencia de desnutrición en pacientes adultos al ingreso hospitalario en el INCMNSZ de la Ciudad de México

VOLUMEN 4 - NÚMERO 1 / Enero - Marzo (Artículos originales / Original articles)

María Teresa Pérez-Romero, Servicio de Nutriología Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
Aurora Elizabeth Serralde-Zúñiga, Servicio de Nutriología Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
Ana Luz del Carmen Reyes-Ramírez, Servicio de Nutriología Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
Eunice Alfonso-Baruch, Servicio de Nutrición Hospitalaria, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
Alfonso Gulias-Herrero, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
Lilia Castillo-Martínez, Servicio de Nutriología Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán. Ciudad de México, México

Background: Malnutrition is an acute or chronic condition that is associated with an abnormal response to disease and treatment. In Mexico there are few studies that report the prevalence of malnutrition with different diagnostic criteria and small sample size. So the objective of the present study is to determine the prevalence of malnutrition using subjective global assessment in a tertiary care hospital in Mexico City. Methods: Adult hospitalized patients were evaluated using the subjective global assessment at admission from August 2013 to July 2014. We included 3,365 subjects, 1,871 (55.6%) females, with a mean age of 50.60 ± 18.9 years and body mass index of 24.9 ± 6.0. Results: Principal diagnoses were oncologic, renal-urologic, and gastrointestinal disease. According to subjective global assessment, the prevalence of malnutrition among admitted patients was 56% (42% moderate and 14% severe malnutrition). The frequency of malnutrition was higher in subjects > 60 years old (p < 0.0001) and with gastrointestinal diagnosis at admission. Those patients with malnutrition had higher mortality and length of hospital stay compared with patients without malnutrition (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: The prevalence of malnutrition was high in a tertiary care hospital in Mexico City, was more prevalent among older subjects, and was associated with longer hospital stay and mortality.

Palabras clave: Hospital admission. Malnutrition. Mexico. Prevalence. Subjective global assessment.