Experience is understood as a sequence of events that occurred in the past, while memory allows recalling the information derived from such experience to face similar events in the present. Currently, great efforts are being made to classify the different expressions of memory. Simultaneously, new animal models are continuously being proposed to explore the complex learning-memory. One of the main factors modifying learning and memory consolidation are the ovarian hormones estradiol and progesterone. This document offers a general memory classification together with a brief review of the recent literature about the role of these hormones on cognition.